Facts About Prostate Cancer

It is important for men to know the facts about prostate cancer in order to maintain good health, especially while growing older. According to the Centers for Disease Control, prostate cancer is the second most common form of cancer death after lung cancer, and the most common type of cancer diagnosed in men. The National Cancer Institute estimates that in 2009 there were 192,280 new cases and 27,360 deaths. Prostate cancer can be serious and even fatal, but does not have to be if you are proactive. Read on to learn more facts about prostate cancer, including what it is, common symptoms and preventative measures.

The prostate gland is below the bladder in men and is part of the reproductive system, responsible for producing fluid for semen. Normal body processes involve the creation of new cells, as needed, which then die when they become old or damaged. When this process is disrupted, old cells continue to buildup and turn into a growth or tumor. Prostate tumors may be benign, known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, which are not cancer and will not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant tumors, on the other hand, can spread to other parts of the body and may be life threatening. The National Cancer Institute reports that cancer cells spread by entering the blood vessels or lymph system. Prostate cancer generally occurs in older men, and is rare for men under age 40.

Other facts about prostate cancer that are important to be familiar with are the symptoms. Symptoms of the disease vary widely, and it should be noted that some men do not have any noticeable symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control, the following are common symptoms:

• Difficulty in urination
• Painful urination
• Weak flow and frequent urination
• Blood in urine or semen
• Ejaculatory pain
• Consistent pain in the backs, hips and pelvis

While these are common symptoms, there may be others as well. If you are experiencing worrisome conditions, always consult your doctor. Risk factors for prostate cancer include being older than 50, having a family history of the disease and being of African descent.

Prevention and early detection is key to reducing the risk of prostate cancer. Prevention generally comes in the form of leading a healthy and active lifestyle. The National Cancer Institute recommends taking control of risk factors such as smoking and managing weight. In addition, enough folic acid in the diet and taking the drug finasteride may help reduce the risk.

There are two main detection methods of prostate cancer. One method is the digital rectal exam in which a doctor or nurse feels for lumps or abnormalities on the prostate. The other is a blood test checking for the levels of prostate specific antigen. High levels may be an indicator of the disease. The Centers for Disease Control recommends that you talk with your doctor about the risks and benefits of screening. Benefits include early detection and more treatment options, while risks include false-positive diagnoses and side effects from treatment.

 Becoming familiar with the facts about prostate cancer is the first step in protecting yourself from problems with the disease down the road. Remember not to ignore worrisome symptoms and do not hesitate to contact a medical professional with concerns, particularly in your later years.   

Sources:

Centers for Disease Control - Prostate Cancer

National Cancer Institute - Prostate